The aqueous dispersion of silver nanoparticles have been obtained and studied by physicochemical methods. Maximum of size nanoparticles distribution in the aqueous dispersion determined by the small angle X-ray scattering technique was 2,5 nm. The composition on the basis of those nanoparticles can be used to create new nanomaterials, in particular for the modification of talc silver nanoparticles. The existence of nanoparticles at the talс surface is corroborated by the data of energy dispersive spectra and by X-ray diffraction spectra.