Objective of this study was to determine whether single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in mTOR gene is associated with development of allergic phenotype in children. Genotyping for mTOR (rs11121704) was performed in the following populations: patients with asthma (n = 91; ages 5 - 18 years), and control group (n = 87; ages 5 - 18 years) using real-time polymerase chain reaction. We have found that 50 (54,9 %) of patients from the study group and 43 (49,4 %) subjects from the control group had major allele of rs11121704 in mTOR, 36 (39,6 %) and 32 (36,8 %), respectively, - heterozygous allele, and 5 (5,5 %) and 12 (13,8 %) - minor allele. Variants of rs11121704 minor genotype in the gene mTOR were 2,5 times more likely in the control group than among patients of the study group. Conclusions. We supposed that SNP in mTOR may independently serve as perspective marker to predict the development of asthma and other allergic diseases among children.

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Бронхіальна астма у дітей

Шифр НБУВ: Ж26810 Пошук видання у каталогах НБУВ 

Ukraine is one of the poorest countries in Europe and currently is under attack of Russian troops. In recent decades, birth rate in Ukraine has been steadily declining by 47 %, and infant and perinatal mortality rates remain among the highest positions in Europe. Infant mortality, perinatal mortality, early neonatal mortality, and stillbirth rates in Ukraine have more than halved in 30 years and are lower than in the CIS countries, but still exceed those in the European Union. There is a downward trend in characteristics of all components of perinatal mortality; more for intranatal mortality, less for early neonatal mortality, whose share in the structure has increased in recent years, which requires improving the quality of medical care for newborns and taking measures for antenatal protection of the fetus. The fact that early neonatal mortality rates in Ukraine may be underestimated due to shortcomings in the registration of live births and stillbirths is worrying. Congenital malformations and conditions that appeared during pregnancy and childbirth in women who give birth to children with very low and extremely low body weight dominate among the causes of perinatal mortality in Ukraine. An effective way to reduce child losses in Ukraine during the last decade was the introduction of modern perinatal technologies to prevent pathological conditions in mothers and babies with extremely low and very low body weight, the continuation of the creation and restoration of a network of perinatal centers and proper conditions for safe childbirth in the regions of the country with the help of international aid, timely diagnosis and treatment of conditions that occur in the perinatal period and congenital malformations. An important resource for reducing infant and perinatal mortality in Ukraine and increasing the birth rate will be the stabilization of the sociopolitical situation in the country and appropriate international assistance in restoring the health care system, aimed at improving both somatic and reproductive health of future parents, especially mothers, forming in them a conscious and proper attitude to parenthood and care for the newborn.

In Ukraine over the past 20 years, the incidence of pneumonia in children has increased. The aim of the study is to assess the contribution of respiratory viruses and bacteria to pneumonia in children in Ukraine. The etiology of community-acquired pneumonia was studied in 175 children at Medical Center "Eurolab" and Clinical Hospital 2 (Kyiv, Ukraine) over 2018 - 2022. Viral and bacterial pathogens were detected using polymerase chain reaction, chromatographic immunoassay. Conclusions: respiratory viruses, particularly respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumovirus, are the major contributors to community-acquired pneumonia in children in Kyiv.

The russian aggression in Ukraine has caused numerous casualties among civilians, including children. Military actions lead directly or indirectly to increased morbidity in adults and children and to chronic stress, especially in children. The purpose of this research was to analyze the problems of providing medical assistance to the children of Ukraine who are suffering from the russian invasion. We have used the official statistical and own data for 2022 - 2023. Conclusions: in the new conditions of warfare, where civilians and life support infrastructure have become the target of armed attacks, children have become the most vulnerable group. The issues of restoration of full medical care for children, including emergency and urgent care, provision with doctors of certain paediatric specialties, full supply of medicines and medical devices, and restoration of destroyed medical infrastructure remain extremely relevant to the health system in the frontline and liberated areas.

Ukraine is currently experiencing a rapid decline in fertility due to the COVID-19 pandemic and martial law. The purpose was to study birth rate fluctuations and changes in the structure of early neonatal morbidity and mortality at Kyiv City Maternity Hospital 6 during the COVID-19 pandemic and martial law and to compare the obtained findings with national statistical data. A retrospective analysis and assessment of birth rate fluctuations, early neonatal morbidity, and mortality were carried out for 2020 - 2022 using both the health care industry statistics and the data obtained from Kyiv City Maternity Hospital 6. Conclusions: the use of modern fetal monitoring technologies, the timely diagnosis and treatment of perinatal pathology, and improvements in the organization of newborn care help preserve child health and prevent mortality.