Physicochemical characterisation of casein micelles suspended in milk ultrafiltrate and enriched with different cations (Fe, Cu, Ca, Zn and Mg) was investigated. After addition of 2.5–8.0 mmol kg−1 of cations, associations of added cation, citrate, inorganic phosphate and calcium with casein micelles were observed. The order of association of cations with casein micelles was Fe3+ Zn2+ Ca2+ Cu2+ Mg2+. At the same time, the casein content increased in the casein micelles while the water content decreased. Changes in hydrophobicity and zeta potential of casein micelles were also determined while no variation in the average diameter was detected. In the presence of 8.0 mmol kg−1 of magnesium or ferric iron, heat stability (115 °C for 30 min) of casein micelles was decreased. From these results, a mechanism of cation association with casein micelles is proposed, highlighting the determinant role of ultrafiltrable citrate and inorganic phosphate. This mechanism is discussed in relation to modifications in physicochemical characteristics of casein micelles.

Through interviews with many of the most noteworthy authors in Law and Society, Conducting Law and Society Research takes students and scholars behind the scenes of empirical scholarship, showing the messy reality of research methods. The challenges and the uncertainties, so often missing from research methods textbooks, are revealed in candid detail. These accessible and revealing conversations about the lived reality of classic projects will be a source of encouragement and inspiration to those embarking on empirical research, ranging across the full array of disciplines that contribute to Law and Society. For all of the ambiguities and challenges to the social "scientific" study of law, the reflections found in this book - collectively capturing a portrait of the field through the window of the research efforts - individually remind readers that "good research" displays not an absence of problems, but the care taken in negotiating them.