Надано апаратну реалізацію на базі програмованої користувачем вентильної матриці (ПКВМ) нейронної схеми, призначеної для ідентифікації K максимальних за значенями серед N невідомих дискретизованих сигналів, де 1 <= K << N. Схема має низьку обчислювальну складність і складність схемотехнічної реалізації, високу швидкість опрацювання сигналів, здатністю обробляти сигнали з довільного скінченного діапазону, властивість збереження впорядкованості сигналів, а також відсутність потреби скидання та необхідної для цього схеми, що додатково підвищує швидкість опрацювання сигналів. Описано апаратну реалізацію схеми на основі ПКВМ. Пояснено структуру ПКВМ, а також її VHDL кодування. Наведено приклад моделювання, який демонструє ефективність схеми.

In the research, the destructive changes in the development of socio-cultural and social complexes and in the functioning of the infrastructure of the system of social services and social security are identified; the measures aimed at ensuring the development of the social infrastructure of the western region of Ukraine are stated. The critical factors of fixing low living standards of the population, which impede the acceleration of regional development, are established. The causes of passivity and financial inability of existing social policy in the territory of the western region of Ukraine are determined. The necessity and the importance of the usage of a holistic territorial approach to the reformation of social security system and the reorganization of social complex in order to ensure the priorities of balanced development of the western region are proved. The priority directions and means to activate the influence of social policy on the ensuring of the priorities of balanced development of the western region and on the growth of regional economy have to become the implementation of a holistic territorial approach to the reformation of social security system and to the reorganization of social complex. In addition, the primary goals have to be the realization of the spatial strategy of regional labor market development from short and long-term prospects and the strengthening of the influence of an educational component on the formation of high quality labor potential and the scientific maintenance in the sphere of balanced regional development. The outlook concerning further researches within this area is the identification of priority goals of social policy, which will take into account the development of social complex as well as the system of social security of the western region at a separate stage of their strategic development and identification of means that ensure their achievement.

Purpose. To take the advantages of a variety of remote sensing data, the application of remote sensing image fusion is a very important choice. Remote sensing image fusion is large in computing capacity and time-consuming, and with the development of modern remote sensing technology, the amount of various remote sensing data obtained is getting larger and larger, the issue of how to fuse remote sensing image quickly and accurately and of getting useful information is becoming more and more urgent especially in some remote sensing applications such as disaster monitoring, prevention and relief, etc. In this paper, in order to fuse remote sensing image quickly and accurately, a parallel fusion algorithm of multi-spectral image and panchromatic image based on wavelet transform is proposed. Methodology. In the method, based on parallel computing, the low-frequency components of wavelet decomposition are fused with the fusion rule based on the feature matching, and the high-frequency components of wavelet decomposition are fused with the fusion rule based on the sub-region variance. Then the low-frequency components and the high-frequency components after fusion are processed with the inverse wavelet transform, and the fused image is obtained. Findings. The experiment results show that the proposed method can get better fusion results and faster computing speed for multi-spectral image and panchromatic image. Originality. In the proposed fusion algorithm of multi-spectral image and panchromatic image, wavelet transform and different proper fusion rules for low-frequency components and high-frequency components of wavelet decomposition are used. To get a high speed, parallel computing is also taken in some complex parts of the proposed fusion algorithm. Thus, better fusion results and faster computing speed are obtained. Practical value. The experiments have proved that the proposed algorithm can quickly get good fusion results for remote sensing images, and it is useful in remote sensing applications in some aspects such as disaster monitoring, prevention and relief, etc.

Досліджено навчання фізичного виховання студентів першого курсу в університеті. Діагностовано 1 919 студентів протягом 2000 - 2001 навчального року в університетських школах Гданська. Половина студентів добровільно займалися фізичним вихованням. Значний відсоток респондентів виражав прагнення брати участь в оптимізації своєї рухової активності.

Целью исследований являлось изучение физического воспитания студентов первого курса в университете. Для поиска был использован метод диагностики. В исследовании были задействованы 1919 студентов на протяжении 2000/2001у.г. в университетских школах Гданська. Половина студентов добровольно занимались физическим воспитанием. Больший процент респондентов выражал стремление принимать участие в оптимизации своей двигательной активности.

The aim of the study was to recognize first year students' expectations about physical education classes in their universities. The method of a diagnostic survey was used in the research. The study involved 1919 students in the 2000/2001 academic yearin three university schools in Gdansk. A half of the subjects opted for a voluntary participation in physical education classes. A high percentage of respondents declared an intention to take part in optional motor activities.

Зазначено, що кошти на рекламу відіграють важливе значення, але їх облік залишається дискусійним питанням. Особливо гостро постає ця проблема у зв'язку з дилемою: вважати ці кошти активами балансу чи видатками, які відображають у звіті про доходи? Розглянуто особливості МСБЗ/МСФЗ, Німецького Комерційного Кодексу та американських стандартів, які, відповідно, пропонують декілька альтернативних варіантів обліку. Враховуючи різні цілі GAAP у США та МСБЗ/МСФЗ з одного боку, та Німецького Комерційного Кодексу - з іншого, передбачено використання принципів консерватизму та об'єктивності у бухгалтерському обліку коштів на рекламу, що грунтується на теорії агентських відносин.

Отмечено, что средства на рекламу играют важную роль, но их учет остается дискуссионным вопросом. Особенно остро возникает эта проблема в связи с дилеммой: считать эти средства активами баланса или расходами, которые отображают в отчете о доходах. Рассмотрены особенности МСБО/МСФО, Немецкого Коммерческого Кодекса и американских стандартов, которые, соответственно, предлагают несколько альтернативных вариантов учета. Учитывая различные цели GAAP в США и МСБО/МСФО, с одной стороны, и Немецкого Коммерческого Кодекса - с другой, предусмотрено использование принципов консерватизма и объективности в бухгалтерском учете средств на рекламу, который базируется на теории агентских отношений.

Advertising costs take on increasing importance. Nevertheless, accounting for these costs still involves many problems. Especially, one of the main problems is whether these costs should be treated as assets placed on the balance sheet, or as expensesappearing on the income statement. This paper reveals that in comparison with IAS/IFRS and German Commercial Code, US standards on accounting for advertising costs implicitly offer more alternative accounting treatments. Regardless of the different goalsof US GAAP and IAS/IFRS, on the one hand, and German financial reporting, on the other, this paper sets forth that accounting for advertising costs is always dominated by the principles of conservatism and objectivity. This result can be explained with the agency theory.

Purpose. To propose a method for determining the additional losses in the stator windings of electrical machines, in which the current frequency is significantly higher than the mains frequency. Methodology. The numerical methods for solving differential equations of mathematical physics are applied for the study. The Finite Element Method is used for algebraization of partial derivatives; an implicit method of backward differentiation formula is used for algebraization of time derivatives while the Newton-Raphson method is applied for solving nonlinear algebraic equations. Findings. A mathematical model, which allows counting the total losses caused by skin effect in the slot of the stator winding of a high-speed electrical machine, was created. The model takes into account: its own slot leakage flux, the main magnetic flux, a saturation of the magnetic core, various slot forms and the method of electrical connection of conductor strands in the slot. The mathematical formulation and the boundary condition of this problem are offered. The results of mathematical experiments of defining additional and total losses in the windings located in the half-closed and open slots for high-speed generator with permanent magnet excitation of 200 kW, 50 000 rpm, are presented. The cause-and-effect relationships are analyzed. Findings can help while designing such machines. Originality. The problem of calculating losses is formulated as a 2-dimensional boundary problem of electrodynamics, which allows us to take into account an interference of the above factors. Practical value. The necessity for accurate determination of the losses in the phase windings of high-speed machines occurs not only when designing the windings, but also while assessing the thermal condition of such machines.

Розглянуто проблему достовірного оцінювання злітної маси повітряного судна (ПС) за допомогою інформації відбортових систем реєстрації параметрів руху для проведення розслідування причини авіаційної події. Сучасні методи вирішення такої задачі базуються на попередньому спотворенні одержаної інформації шляхом її фільтрації. Розроблено методику, яка для оцінювання злітної маси використовує зареєстрований масив приладової швидкості розбігу без попереднього його опрацювання. Оцінено вплив похибок необхідної для розрахунків апріорної інформації на зсув оцінки злітної маси ПС та початкового часу. Наведено приклад оцінювання злітної маси у процесі розслідування конкретної авіаційної події. Цим прикладом доведено ефективність розробленої методики.

An Access Control List is an ordered list of rules which specify the action to take for any packet which is tested and matched against it. The list is arranged in order of decreasing priority, therefore if a match is made on a particular rule the packet is either permitted or denied and no further rules are evaluated. When configuring firewall rules it is possible to specify varying levels of granularity when examining the fields of a packet header. The most basic form of checking is on the source Layer 3 address. However there are more complex forms of the rule which enables further fields to be checked. This paper investigates the effect on the performance of a router when using these complex rules. In particular it concentrates on the checking of the port number field in TCP/UDP. A specialized simulator was built to help understand the process undertaken by the router. There are results of the investigations and a recommendation on how to improve performance in certain areas.

The study shows the influence of Co doping, sintering in hydrogen atmosphere and re-heating on magnetic properties of In2O3. The In0,97Co0,03O samples were prepared by solid state reaction method. XRD patterns shows that Co ions take position of at the In<^>3+ sites. The investigations at room temperature (RT) concludes that the Co doped In2O3 sample had achieved overlapped paramagnetic (PM) properties conquering the diamagnetic (DM) properties of In2O3. Additionally, it was found that the ferromagnetism (FM) is noticeably induced via H2-annealing at 300 K. This study also depicts that the sample is finally reverted to the PM state after further long sintering.

Optical properties of free electrons in the conduction band of metal are considered. It is shown that the conventional Drude theory does not take shielding of the external electrical field by mobile electrons into account. This shielding is conditioned by the polarization of these electrons. Offered is the way of taking this polarization into consideration when calculating the reflectivity of metal. It is shown that the account of polarization results in agreement between the theoretical results and experimental data.

We consider in this paper the nature of the quality of the process of energy transformation in the electrical motors and also the indicators of its conversion We also show that the coefficients existing of the quality of energy transformation are effective indicators which take into account the links between the quality of energy transformation and the performances of the electric machines. In the same way the need for establishing the bond between the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of conversion was well proven.

Рассмотрена природа процесса качества преобразования энергии в электрических двигателях и показатели ее преобразования. Показано, что существующие коэффициенты качества преобразования энергии являются эффективными показателями, которые учитывают взаимосвязи между качеством преобразования энергии и работоспособностью электрической машины. Доказана необходимость учета взаимосвязей между качественными и количественными характеристиками преобразования.

Розглянуто природу процесу якості перетворення енергії в електричних двигунах і показники її перетворення. Показано, що існуючі коефіцієнти якості перетворення енергії є ефективними показниками, які враховують взаємозв'язки між якістю перетворення енергії та працездатністю електричної машини. Доведено необхідність урахування взаємозв'язків між якісними і кількісними характеристиками перетворення.

Purpose. This paper presents an algorithm for the automatic detection of multiple circular shapes from complicated and a noisy image, which does not take into consideration the conventional-Hough transform principles with large amount of calculation. Methodology. The approach is based on the artificial bee colony algorithm, a swarm optimization algorithm inspired by the intelligent for aging behavior of honey bees. A new objective function has been derived for the edge map of a desired image. Findings. A matching function determines if such circle candidates are actually present in the image. By the use of artificial bee colony algorithm the objective function is minimized and this leads to automatic circle detection in digital images. The proposed method is able to detect single or multiple circles from a digital image through only one optimization. Originality. The industrial product calibration card image is chosen as actual image to test the approach which includes a circular-shape object of different sizes in each image. The research on industrial product has not been found at present. Practical value. Compared with Hough transform algorithm, the amount of calculation and the occupied memory space is reducing greatly, therefore operation speed is improved. The experimental results show that the improved algorithm meets the requirements of industrial real-time detection with a good application effect.

Purpose. Creating methods of classification and ranking of commercial sites of industrial enterprises which take into account the specific characteristics of marketing sites, determining the level of presented content, particularly e-business, and is characterized by its commercial viability. Methodology. The system of local performance criteria of the commercial sites proposed, their reduction to digital form was formalized. The values of the global benchmark sites of coal energy and mining-metallurgical complexes were calculated, their ranking was performed. Findings. We have developed composed system of classification and ranking of commercial industrial sites, examples of its use for energy and coal-mining projects. Originality. For the first time we have proposed the method of commercial industrial sites classification, taking into account the large number of local performance criteria made which were transformed into one global criterion for ranking. Practical value. We have proposed the method of classification and ranking of sites of industrial enterprises allowing them to identify weaknesses and improve efficiency of e-commerce.

Purpose. The analysis of two failure criteria for rocks being in the stress-strain state. Methodology. The study is based on an integrated approach with the use of analysis and synthesis of the literature sources on the topic related to failure of the rocks with heterogeneous structure, and use of analytical and empirical failure criteria to assess the strength of rocks. Findings. The analysis of the two failure criteria for compliance with the results of laboratory testing of rocks in the volumetric stressed state is carried out. It is established that the expressions of both analytical criteria reflect the process of rock failure by introducing factors that take into account the mining and geological conditions and mining technology: in the Hoek - Brown criterion - m_b, s, a, D, GSI; in the O. M. Shashenko criterion - ψ, η₀, l_t. Both criteria meet the results of laboratory tests provided mi coefficient from the Hoek - Brown analytical expression, which takes into consideration rock structure and genesis, should not exceed 4 (m_i = 4). Originality. Analytical comparison of two criteria has shown that, taking into consideration scattering experimental points obtained as a result of laboratory testing of rocks in the volumetric stressed state when 0 = m_i = 4,0, they reflect the fact of the destruction of structurally inhomogeneous rock quite well. However, the Hoek - Brown criterion does not fully take into account the components of the spherical stress tensor (σ₁ + σ₃) and if the m_i > 4 its application requires additional study. Practical value. Comparison of the analytical criterion with the results of laboratory testing of structurally heterogeneous materials in the volumetric stressed state allows predicting the rock failure in the massif with the precision of 94 %.

We analyzed the steady-state electron transport for bulk GaN in frame of two opposite approaches: the electron temperature approach that assumes a high-density electron gas and numerical single-particle Monte-Carlo method that assumes a low-density electron gas and does not take into account electron-electron (e-e) scattering. We have also presented an analytical solution of the Boltzmann transport equation based on diffusion approximation. The transport characteristics such as the drift velocity electric field, <$E V sub d (E)>, and mean electron energy electric field, <$E symbol ... epsilon (E) symbol ъ>, have been calculated at nitrogen and room temperatures in the wide range of applied electric fields from zero fields up to runaway ones (~ 100 kV/cm) for both approaches. Our calculations were performed for doped semiconductor with equal impurity and electron concentrations, <$E N sub i~=~n~=~10 sup 16~roman cm sup -3>. The electron distribution functions in various ranges of applied fields have been also demonstrated. Within the range of heating applied fields 0 - 300 V/cm, we found a strong difference between the transport characteristics obtained by means of the balance equations (electron temperature approach) and Monte-Carlo procedure. However, the Monte-Carlo calculations and diffusion approximation show a good agreement at 77 K. Within the range of moderate fields 1 - 10 kV/cm at 77 K, we established that the streaming effect can occur for low-density electron gas. In spite of significant dissimilarity of a streaming-like and a shifted Maxwellian distribution functions, the calculated values of <$E V sub d (E)> and

<$E symbol ... epsilon (E) symbol ъ> show similar sub-linear behavior as the functions of the applied field E. In the high-field range 20 - 80 kV/cm, the streaming effect is broken down, and we observe practically linear behavior of both <$EV sub d (E)> and <$Esymbol ... epsilon (E) symbol ъ> for both approaches. At higher fields, we point out the initiation of the runaway effect.

Modern companies including telecommunication companies and mobile operators working in the global environment should guarantee technological effectiveness and innovation, renewing their technologies and services. Operation Support System/Business Support System is used in telecommunication companies. In current state-of-the-art approaches, several iterations involving analysts and system architects are necessary, methodologies allow modeling non-functional or functional requirements but they do not take into account the interaction between functional and non-functional requirements as well as collaboration between services. Web Services Agreement is a convenient way to contain QoS parameters but state-of-the-art SLA-aware methods cannot support all classes of non-functional parameters and provide run-time support and dynamic reconfiguration at the same time. The approach proposed in this paper fills this gap. It employs a well-defined workflow and analysis model for developing and adapting complex software systems including support of all classes of non-functional parameters and providing run-time support and dynamic reconfiguration of provided services.

Modeled in this work is the electron mobility in the n-type Hg0,32Cd0,68Te/Hg1-xCdxTe/Hg0,32Cd0,68Te quantum well being in the semi-metal state at T = 77 K. Calculations take into account longitudinal polar optical phonon scattering, charged impurities scattering and electron-hole scattering. The Boltzmann transport equation has been solved directly to account the inelasticity of optical phonon scattering. Numerical modeling showed that the intrinsic electron mobility at liquid nitrogen temperature is sufficiently low. This mobility can be increased up to the values close to 10<^>5 - 10<^>6 cm<^>2/(<$Eroman {V~cdot~s}>) by increasing the electron concentration in the well. A higher electron concentration could be reached by doping the barriers or by applying the top gate voltage. The effect of mobility growth could be explained by the enhancement of 2DEG screening and the decrease of holes concentration.

To allow for a comparison of theoretical predictions for spin chains with experimental data, it is often important to take impurity effects as well as interchain couplings into account. Here we present the field theory for finite spin chains at finite temperature and calculate experimentally measurable quantities like susceptibilities and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra. For the interchain couplings we concentrate on geometries relevant for cuprate spin chains like Sr2CuO3 and SrCuO2. The field theoretical results are compared to experimental as well as numerical data obtained by the density matrix renormalization group.

It is well known that an operator-valued function <$E THETA> from the Schur class S(M, N), where M and N are separable Hilbert spaces, can be realized as a transfer function of a simple conservative discrete time-invariant linear system. The known realizations involve the function <$E THETA> itself, the Hardy spaces or the reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces. On the other hand, as in the classical scalar case, the Schur class operator-valued function is uniquely determined by its so-called "Schur parameters". In this paper we construct simple conservative realizations using the Schur parameters only. It turns out that the unitary operators corresponding to the systems take the form of five diagonal block operator matrices, which are analogs of Cantero - Moral - Velazquez (CMV) matrices appeared recently in the theory of scalar orthogonal polynomials on the unit circle. We obtain new models given by truncated block operator CMV matrices for an arbitrary completely non-unitary contraction. It is shown that the minimal unitary dilations of a contraction in a Hilbert space and the minimal Naimark dilations of a semi-spectral operator measure on the unit circle can also be expressed by means of block operator CMV matrices.

In Europe and the United States the social responsibility of business is a clearly declared concept of business development. The economic stability of the enterprise is a prerequisite for the implementation of the principles of social responsibility of the business. The basic principles of positioning the essence of economic sustainability in the context of socially responsible enterprises are presented in the article. The typology of economic stability which is acceptable for socially responsible enterprises is improved. The components of the enterprise economic sustainability are detailed. The correlation between components of economic sustainability of the socially responsible businesses is highlighted. The article emphasizes the diversity of approaches to positioning economic sustainability and presents the differences between them. The paper takes into account the factor of social responsibility of business while correlating the components of the economic sustainability of the enterprise. The basic principles of this approach are justified. The conceptual apparatus of economic sustainability is grouped into 4 levels. This approach makes it possible to take into account the priority of categories and to structure them within the research object. Within the proposed approach there is also described and justified the essence of the economic sustainability related categories.