On the base of experimental data and cytogenetic studies of marine and freshwater invertebrates natural populations it was shown that different species had approximately equal part (%) of full value posterity at the same average level of chromosome mutagenesis for populations, independing on deleterious factors and females fecundity. This phenomenon made it possible to calculate specimens reproductive contribution for species with different females fecundity and to assess expected reduction of population adaptive potential and the increase of ecological risk at different levels of population damage. It is suggested that the adaptation to pollution will be more effective in populations with high female fecundity.

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