Питання захисту інформації набувають у сучасному світі все більшого значення. Одним з основних джерел загроз інформаційній безпеці є контактні під'єднання до абонентських телефонних ліній (АТЛ) в мережах телефонного звіязку пристроїв технічної розвідки. Мета роботи - представлення нового імпульсного методу виявлення несанкціонованих підключень до АТЛ, описання варіанту реалізації сторожового пристрою контролю та принципу його функціонування. Суть методу полягає в аналізі реакції на імпульсні збудження двох коливних систем другого порядку. Підключення телефонної закладки зумовлює розбаланс сигналів між коливними ланками, що й засвідчує наявність закладки. Описано структуру та функції сторожового пристрою на основі цього методу, який складається із двох частин - аналізатора і блокатора, які розміщено на протилежних кінцях контрольованої ділянки АТЛ. Детально розглянуто варіант реалізації імпульсного лінійного аналізатора і каналу опрацювання сигналів.

Індекс рубрикатора НБУВ: Р415.202.1-1

Рубрики:

Ожиріння

Шифр НБУВ: Ж21341/а Пошук видання у каталогах НБУВ 

Індекс рубрикатора НБУВ: Е621.166*725.111.3

Рубрики:

Bivalvia (Lamellibranchia, Pelecypoda) Двостулкові (пластинчастозяброві)

Шифр НБУВ: Ж100193 Пошук видання у каталогах НБУВ 

Індекс рубрикатора НБУВ: Е621.166*725.111.3

Рубрики:

Bivalvia (Lamellibranchia, Pelecypoda) Двостулкові (пластинчастозяброві)

Шифр НБУВ: Ж100193 Пошук видання у каталогах НБУВ 

Індекс рубрикатора НБУВ: Е621.166*80 + Е0*827.512.4

Рубрики:

Bivalvia (Lamellibranchia, Pelecypoda) Двостулкові (пластинчастозяброві)

Загальна біологія

Шифр НБУВ: Ж100193 Пошук видання у каталогах НБУВ 

This paper reports a study into the special features of military (combat) activities at the present stage of military art development. The purpose was to subsequently define the basic requirements for reconnaissance-firing systems. The features under consideration are a rapid change in the situation, competition with an enemy for winning in time, accuracy, maneuverability, secrecy. They also involve a large amount of data that must be operated when deciding on combat use (hostilities). Other attributes of modern military (combat) activities are the consistency of operations and a clear structure of subordination; independence in maintenance and positioning. These data are useful and important because they make it possible to reasonably define the requirements for reconnaissance-firing systems. This paper has defined those requirements for reconnaissance-firing systems and such criteria for their selection that are predetermined by the specificity of military (combat) activities. The most important selection criteria include efficiency, accuracy, secrecy, robustness. Several actual reconnaissance-firing systems have been analyzed in order to demonstrate the use of the methodology. Specifically, "Kropyva" (Ukraine), "ArtOS" (Ukraine), "Obolon-A" (Ukraine), "Sokil - (Poland, Ukraine). A procedure for justifying the choice of reconnaissance-firing systems has been devised, taking into consideration the conditions of military (combat) activities, based on the method involving an analytic hierarchy process. A given procedure substantiates those selection criteria that were determined on the basis of patterns in modern military activities. From a practical point of view, the proposed methodology makes it possible to significantly reduce the time for planning an operation and considerably improve the validity of decisions by a commander (chief) regarding the choice of a reconnaissance-firing system and its further use in combat activities.

The method of estimation and forecasting in intelligent decision support systems is developed. The essence of the proposed method is the ability to analyze the current state of the object under analysis and the possibility of short-term forecasting of the object state. The possibility of objective and complete analysis is achieved through the use of improved fuzzy temporal models of the object state, an improved procedure for forecasting the object state and an improved procedure for training evolving artificial neural networks. The concepts of a fuzzy cognitive model, in contrast to the known fuzzy cognitive models, are connected by subsets of fuzzy influence degrees, arranged in chronological order, taking into account the time lags of the corresponding components of the multidimensional time series. This method is based on fuzzy temporal models and evolving artificial neural networks. The peculiarity of this method is the ability to take into account the type of a priori uncertainty about the state of the analyzed object (full awareness of the object state, partial awareness of the object state and complete uncertainty about the object state). The ability to clarify information about the state of the monitored object is achieved through the use of an advanced training procedure. It consists in training the synaptic weights of the artificial neural network, the type and parameters of the membership function, as well as the architecture of individual elements and the architecture of the artificial neural network as a whole. The object state forecasting procedure allows conducting multidimensional analysis, consideration and indirect influence of all components of a multidimensional time series with different time shifts relative to each other under uncertainty.

This paper proposes an algorithm to substantiate the need for weapons samples, as well as targeting when using a reconnaissance firing system taking into consideration the peculiarities of functioning of such systems. The algorithm essentially implies streamlining the stages in determining the magnitude of the reduction of the enemy's combat potential and, on its basis, the formation of the need for the number of weapons by type. The algorithm makes it possible to take into consideration the nonlinearity of functions that describe both different types of weapons and targets. In addition, this algorithm is based on a modified method of nonlinear programming (two functions). The modification involves the use of a normalized share of the weight of each target as weight coefficients. This allows for targeting while taking into consideration the established level of the combat potential of an enemy. A procedure for determining the need for samples of weapons and targeting in the use of reconnaissance firing systems has been devised. It was determined that in order to achieve the goal of enemy fire damage, it is not typically necessary to use all weapons samples. In general, the procedure makes it possible to take into consideration the peculiarities of the samples of weapons and their suitability to hit a certain target. That could prevent problems with overspending of resources, failures in the detection-defeat cycle, non-fulfillment (not fully performing) tasks during enemy fire damage. In general, the algorithm and procedure for determining the need for the samples of weapons and targeting when using a reconnaissance firing system testify to devising a methodology for justifying the need for weapons samples and targeting. The performance and adequacy of this procedure have been tested by considering an example of determining the need for weapons samples and targeting and obtaining the result confirmed by the experience in the use of reconnaissance firing systems.

A method for calculation of coefficients of the impact of factors on the need for specialists of the highest qualification was proposed. The method is based on expert evaluation methods, in particular, on determining the importance, degree of realization, and tendency of factors that affect the need for highly qualified specialists. The method implements the unit of data reliability verification based on the Kendall coefficient of concordance and Pearson criterion. The method applies an original approach to determining the competence of experts, in particular, by taking into consideration self-evaluation, mutual evaluation, and objective evaluation. The proposed method makes it possible to take into account the influence of factors on the need for specialists of the highest qualification with the possibility of forecasting. The totality of factors that influence the need for specialists of the highest qualification and the magnitude of their impact was determined. They were determined by calculating the indicators of each of the criteria regarding importance, realization, and tendency. Determining was carried out using the algorithm for calculating the coefficients of influence of the factors on the need for specialists of the highest qualification. In general, the following groups of factors were determined: conditions of scientific and scientific-pedagogical activity at a certain institution of higher education, the attractiveness of scientific and scientific-pedagogical activity in a certain country (region), development of industry (speciality). A group of 30 experts was selected to determine the numerical values of the factors, which satisfies the condition for achieving a confidence probability of 0,94. The results of the evaluation of expert judgments revealed that the most influential factors are: social protection (0,87), budget for higher education (0,99), remuneration (0,9), and prestige of scientific and pedagogical activities (0,91). The least influential are: the number of primary positions in the area (0,48) and self-realization opportunities at a higher education institution (0,58).