The purpose of this Outline is to serve as a supplement to a basic astronomy text. Much of the material here is abbreviated, and students should use this book as a guide to the key concepts in modern astronomy, but not as an all-inclusive resource. Topics covered range from planetary astronomy to cosmology, in the modern context. The first chapter covers most of the phsyics required to obtain a basic understanding of astronomical phenomena. The student will most likely come back to this chapter again and again as they progress through the book. The order of the topics has been set by the most common order of these topics in textbooks (near objects to far objects), but many of the chapters are quite independent, with few references to previous chapters, and may be studied out of order. The text includes many worked mathematical problems to support the efforts of students who struggle particularly in this area. These detailed problems will help even mathematically adept students to see how to solve astronomical problems involving several steps.