Наведено результати науково-дослідних робіт, зокрема, геологічних, стратиграфічних, мінерало-петрографічних, геофізичних та гідрографічних у північно-західній частині Чорного моря під час проведення 7-го і 8-го рейсів науково-дослідного судна "Київ". Отримано нові дані про геологічну будову, сучасну тектонічну і сейсмічну активність, геофізичні поля, гідрографію та океанографію Чорного моря. Визначено ділянку на північно-західному шельфі Чорного моря для постановки геолого-розвідувальних робіт на будівельні піски та черепашники, вивчено можливості зниження собівартості цієї сировини за рахунок можливого супутнього видобування з них золота. Уточнено перспективи геолого-розвідувальних робіт на морський сапропель в західній частині Чорного моря. Отримано нові дані, що підтверджують перспективність території на південному сході від о. Зміїний на нафтогазоносність та її економічне значення для України.

Викладено результати вимірювань льодової потужності льодовика Домашній, що розташований на острові Галіндез, та льодовиків Малий Уіггенс і Великий Уіггенс - на Антарктичному півострові, виконаних за допомогою методів радіолокації й електрорезонансного зондування.

Рассмотрены основные теоретические и методические вопросы создания аппроксимирующих моделей геологической среды и фильтрационных итерационных методов устойчивого решения линейных и линеаризованых вариантов нелинейных обратных задач непосредственно для полевых измерений гравитационного и магнитного полей. Введено понятие сеточно-блоковой интерпретационной модели и требования к ней как необходимые условия существования устойчивого решения обратных задач грави- и магнитометрии. Изложены методы автоматизации процесса формирования начальных условий и комплексные технологии аппроксимации геологической среды блоковыми и другими моделями для итерационных процессов.

The new results of the geoelectric investigations within the Karsak dome structure in Western Kazakhstan are given. The received data show that the geoelectric methods allow to find and to map the over-salt and sub-salt layers of anomaly polarized stratum, in which the hydrocarbons can be present.

Some results of the investigations within exploratory block R-9 with using the technology of direct searching for hydrocarbon deposits are given. The studies carried out demonstrate high efficiency of this technology, allowing studying the significant area of the territory for a short time.

The results of integrated application of geoelectric methods and low-frequency acoustic exploring for the hydrocarbon deposits searching on some structure of the exploratory block R-9 in Western Kazakhstan are given. The investigation has shown that low-frequency acoustic exploring ANCHAR with geoelectric survey by the method of forming short-pulsed electromagnetic field allows to realize effectively the studies area localization for detailed geophysical (including seismic) work undertaking.

The results of the ground penetrating radar (GPR) using for engineering-geological prospecting during reconstruction of the car road are given. It is shown that GPR allow to define the borders and thickness of the layer road covering, to reveal the zones of the soil moistening, stranger of the cutin in soil, spatial outlines of the sole layer, filtration way of the soil waters, as well as defects, admitting in process of the road work.

The results of the geoelectric methods using for investigation of the crystalline basement internal structure are given. The fracture zones and non-broken blocks were mapped within the investigated area by the FSPEF grid survey. The degree of integrity of crystalline massif in cross-section was determined by VERS method. When studying the fracture tectonic of the basement the FSPEF-VERS technology can be integrated with other geophysical methods.

Results of diagnosis of the hermetic scaling zone of tunnels at the depth of 15 - 20 m from the surface are presented. Geophysical investigations were conducted using the methods of seismic-acoustic sounding and formation of short-pulsed electromagnetic field. The GRP methods may be used to diagnose grounds under the tunnel bottom.

The results of geoelectric, seismic-acoustic and GPR investigations on the Kyryllovskaya Church territory in Kyiv are given. The zones with increased ground moistening were mapped. It is installed that main disruption of Church walls are located within zones of migration of man-caused water flow. The map of "underground passage" for the Church territory is constructed. The scheme of the heterogeneity location in the walls and floor of the building is formed.

The 2006 year geoelectric investigations data in the Antarctic peninsular region are given. The thickness of Wiggins glacier on peninsular was determined for the first time and "deposit" type anomaly was discovered in near lying area of water. Over 150 soundings for 32 000 m depths were realized in the UAS "Academician Vernadskiy" vicinity, in the Bransfield strait and Draik Passage. These data permit to construct the deep cross-section of the region Earth crust. It is necessary to use more actively the deep modification of method of vertical electric-resonance sounding as during geological-geophysical investigations in the Antarctic region, so and for studying the deep structure of the Earth crust and upper mantle in integration with others geophysical methods.

The results of the geoelectric methods of forming a short-pulsed electromagnetic field (FSPEF) and vertical electric-resonance sounding (VERS) used during the aerogeophysical investigation conducted within the area of the Sobynskoye oil-gas condensate field are given. The principal possibility of the survey by the FSPEF method conducted from an airplane is presented. This testifies that FSPEF survey can be used alongside with other aerogeophysical methods for reconnaissance investigation of large areas and difficult for access oil and gas territories. The FSPEF-VERS technology can be successfully used while searching and prospecting hydrocarbon deposits in the complicated tectonic and geological conditions of the Siberian platform.

The results of the geoelectric methods usage in hydrocarbon deposits searching within the perspective for the oil and gas Kostanayskaya area are given. Over 30 anomalous zones, selected on the cosmic-geophysical prognosis of oil-and-gas-producing for more detailed study, were examined with the help of the methods of forming a short-pulsed electromagnetic field (FSPEF) and vertical electric-resonance sounding (VERS). Five large and seven small anomalous zones of the "deposit" type (DTA) were discovered by FSPEF survey from a car within the investigated area. Several deep horizons, where the anomalous polarized layer (APL) of "oil" and "gas" type is located, were discovered by the VERS sounding within the mapped anomalies. The received data show that the FSPEF-VERS technology of "direct" searching for hydrocarbon concourses can be used for the verification and guaging of oil-and-gas anomalies in a cosmic-geophysical prognosis.

Generalized results of geoelectric studies with the FSPEF-VERS technologies using the known oil and gas fields and perspective for hydrocarbons areas in Western Kazakhstan and in Ukraine are given. Some directions where more active use of such technologies can bring effective results in the near future are discussed. It is recommended to include the express-technology of "direct" searching and exploring hydrocarbons concourses by geoelectric methods in the complex of geological-geophysical methods of oil and gas deposits searching and prospecting. Its application in oil and gas fields and perspective areas in Ukraine, as well as on the territory of other states, will allow to raise efficiency of geologic-prospecting process of oil and gas searching and exploring as a whole.

This article takes into account the possibility to synthesize classical and neo-classical physical-mathematical models of the medium, for example, the interaction between a multi-phase heterogeneous system, characterized by a wide spectrum of differences in kind, and anelectromagnetic field. The analysis deals with both low-frequency, and high-frequency regimes of electromagnetic sounding systems jointly with special features of their discrimination. The issues of georadar sounding are brought forward for discussion, particularly determining velocities of electromagnetic impulses propagation and observation data visualization. Theoretical postulates, expounded in the given report, are concerned about resonance interaction among radio wave spectrum of radiation and electronic and ionic flows ascending above hydrocarbon deposits. Specific geological objects are exemplified in accordance with experimentally obtained results of observation.

The results of geoelectric exploration of Kostanaiskaya oil-and-gas promising area are presented for consideration. AEROSKIP survey has discovered and mapped practically all possible anomalies graded as DTA. Terrestrial SKIP survey has verified mentioned anomalies. The employment of VERS sounding within anomalous boundaries has ascertained producing intervals of bed position with anomalous polarity. The results of prospecting have been portrayed by maps of geoelectric anomalies, diagrams, columns of sounding and correlating cross sections. The detailed sounding within the limits of Kosagal DTA has been conducted with purport to construct the structural model of the territory so as to constitute the project of trial well drilling. The area of the location of borehole has been recommended. The application of short-pulsed field method of survey from the aircraft has established both efficient and economical technology for operational examination of vast, remote and harsh terrains with an oil and gas search objective point. Practical utilization of this technology at the starting point of oil and gas search leads to considerable enhancement of oil and gas geological-prospecting process as a whole.

The results of geophysical investigations within zone of intensive development of karst processes are given. The areas of underground water flows and increased soil moistening are effectively mapped by areal survey by method of forming of short-pulsed electromagnetic field (FSPEF). The methods of vertical electric-resonance sounding (VERS) and GPR- sounding allow to determine the depths of bedding of moistening zones, underground water flows, suffusion cavities, karst cavities. Theses geophysical methods can be used effectively for the operative monitoring for natural and man-caused dangerous phenomenon's and processes, that are connected with karsts, depressions, flashes and suffusion removal of grounds.

The article presents practical experience of experimental application in 2008 of non-traditional geoelectric methods of forming a short-pulsed electromagnetic field (FSPEF) and vertical electric-resonance sounding (VERS) (FSPEF-VERS express-technology) in monitoring observations of the gas pump-down from "man-caused" pool. The zone of gas penetration in upper aquaferous strata of a cross-section was revealed and mapped on a hydrocarbon field by FSPEF method survey. The depths of water-bearing reservoirs and the gas layer location were determined by VERS sounding. Additional boreholes were placed for gas pumping-out on measurements data by the FSPEF-VERS methods. Multiple field measurements have shown that the process of gas pumping-out from a "man-caused" pool can be monitored (and it is actually tracked) in time by using the FSPEF-VERS technology. The results of the experiments testify to the practical possibility of using these methods for operative solving of specific problems in oil- and gas-extraction, they are also one more weighty argument for a much broader usage of FSPEF-VERS technologies in a geological oil and gas prospecting process.

The results of practical application of a complex of geoelectric methods for forming a short-pulsed electromagnetic field (FSPEF), and vertical electric-resonance sounding (VERS) and georadar sounding at destroyed and landslide-dangerous areas of roads are given. It is shown, that the existence of zones with raised filtering of ground waters is the main reason for roadway erosion and landslides formation. The finding and mapping of water flows and areas of the raised soil moistening can be effectively realized with a complex of the suggested geophysical methods. This complex can also be used for regular monitoring of the engineering-geological condition of the environment at landslide-dangerous areas of roads.

There are given results of practical application of a complex of geoelectric methods of forming a short-pulsed electromagnetic field (FSPEF) and of vertical electric-resonance sounding (VERS), as well as of seismic-acoustic and georadar soundings in areas of constructing Kiev new underground stations. The negative (destroying) influence of underground water on transport infrastructure objects under construction and nearby located buildings and dwelling is shown. The following conclusion is made: it is absolutely necessary that underground water flows should be taken into consideration when doing design work for constructing buildings, industrial structures and transport infrastructure objects. Neglecting underground flows causes the essential waste of time and financial resources. The finding and mapping of water flows and areas of super moistened soil can be operatively realized by a complex of offered geophysical methods. This complex can also be used for solving specific engineering and geological problems when constructing new near-surface underground lines, as well as for regular monitoring of the engineering-geological condition of the environment in areas of already acting underground lines.