Vol. 2 : Canada West. - 1851. - 184 p.

We show how a computational system can be constructed to "reason", effectively and consequentially, about its own inferential processes. The analysis proceeds in two parts. First, we consider the general question of computational semantics, rejecting traditional approaches, and arguing that the declarative and procedural aspects of computational symbols (what they stand for, and what behavior they engender) should be analyzed independently, in order that they may be coherently related. Second, we investigate self-referential behavior in computational processes, and show how to embed an effective procedural model of a computational calculus within that calculus (a model not unlike meta-circular interpreter, but connected to the fundamental operations of the machine in such a way as to provide, at any point in a computation, fully articulated descriptions of the state of that computation, for inspection and possible modification). In terms of the theories that result from these investigations, we present a general architecture for procedurally reflective processes, able to shift smoothly between dealing with a given subject domain, and dealing with their own reasoning processes over that domain.

Mathematica is an exceptionally flexible and powerful tool for producing mathematical graphics. Mathematica makes it easy to create graphs of functions, plots of data, pictures of geometrical solids, and other mathematical illustrations either with built-in functions or with simple programs of your own. This book tells you what you need to know to make the most of the graphics capabilities of Mathematica. Whether you are a beginner, an experienced user of Mathematica, or even someone who doesn't use Mathematica at all but wants to use pictures produced by Mathematica in your publications, you will find information in this book that will help you. This Preface will help you figure out which parts of the book to read to find the information you need.

Covers CIA terms, operations, and people including the Bay of Pigs, Operation IVY BELLS, mind-control drug testing, and Robert Philip Hanssen. Providing a reference for both casual readers and researchers, this volume contains more than 500 A-to-Z listings describing key CIA terms, players, equipment, operations, parallel organizations, and portrayals of the CIA in film, television, and fiction. The listings vary from several paragraphs to several pages in length and are cross referenced. Smith (a former Marine whose writing has appeared in USA Today and Business Week) includes an introduction surveying the history of American intelligence back to the colonial era. Listings include Bay of Pigs, Hoover Commissions, mind-control drug testing, sleeper agent, William Colby, and roll-out.

Design and play your own games without worrying about the technical details of programming DirectX. DarkBasic handles the entire game engine for you! By the end of the book, you will have written complete 2D and 3D games.

Mac OS X Unwired is a one-stop wireless information source for technically savvy Mac users. If you're considering wireless as an alternative to cable and DSL, or using wireless to network computers in your home, office, or on the road, this book will show you the full-spectrum view of wireless capabilities of Mac OS X, and how to get the most out of them.

Books in the Contemporary World Issues series address vital issues in today’s society such as genetic engineering, pollution, and biodiversity. Written by professional writers, scholars, and nonacademic experts, these books are authoritative, clearly written, up-to-date, and objective. They provide a good starting point for research by high school and college students, scholars, and general readers as well as by legislators, businesspeople, activists, and others.

This resource presents you with the skills you need to become the ultimate power user for ALL Linux distributions. The author provides detailed instructions for customization, optimization, troubleshooting, shortcuts, and using the best 3rd party tools.

Delivers the proven solutions that make a difference in your Cisco IP Telephony deployment

If you're familiar with Unix administration, TCP/IP networking, and other common Unix servers, and want to learn how to deploy Samba, this book is ideal for you. With this guide, you can quickly configure a basic Samba server, and more.

Eating junk food and fast food is a great all-American passion. American kids and grownups love their candy bars, Big Macs and supersized fries, Doritos, Twinkies, and Good Humor ice cream bars. The disastrous health effects from the enormous appetite for these processed fat- and sugar-loaded foods are well publicized now. This was particularly dramatically evidenced by Super Size Me (2004), filmmaker Morgan Spurlock's 30-day all-McDonald's diet in which his liver suffered the same poisoning as if he had been on an extended alcohol binge. Through increased globalization, American popular food culture is being increasingly emulated elsewhere in the world, such as China, with the potential for similar disastrous consequences. This A-to-Z reference is the first to focus on the junk food and fast food phenomena from a multitude of angles in addition to health and diet concerns. More than 250 essay entries objectively explore the scope of the topics to illuminate the American way through products, corporations and entrepreneurs, social history, popular culture, organizations, issues, politics, commercialism and consumerism, and much more.

The first of its kind, this comprehensive Encyclopedia on comparative law takes stock of present-day comparative law scholarship. Written by authorities in their respective fields, the contributions in this accessible book cover and combine not only questions regarding the methodology of comparative law, but also specific areas of law (such as administrative law and criminal law) and specific topics (such as accident compensation and consideration). In addition, the Encyclopedia contains reports on a selected set of countries legal systems and as a whole presents an overview of the current state of affairs. Providing its readers with a unique point of reference, as well as stimulus for further research, this volume is an indispensable tool for anyone interested in comparative law, especially students and scholars.

Since 1989, ever-increasing numbers of citizens have taken part in budgetary decision-making in the Brazilian city of Porto Alegre. By 2001 an impressive 16,600 citizens were participating in the annual popular assemblies held across the city. Their initial participation eventually culminated in decisions about the distribution of a significant element of the municipal budget, with a substantial proportion destined for investments in poor neighbourhoods. The following year, the process began again. At the other end of the Americas, in December 2004 after 11 months of deliberation, an assembly of 160 randomly selected citizens delivered a report recommending changes to British Columbia’s electoral system. The following year, their recommendation was put to a binding popular vote. And, again in 2004, citizens in 37 states across the United States voted on 162 propositions, almost a half of which were proposals that originated from within civil society rather than the legislature or executive. Some 68 per cent of these propositions were approved by citizens and have or will become law.

Vol. 1 : Projectiles for the people. - 2009. - 693 p.